According to section 499 of Indian Penal Code , whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs or by visible representations, makes or publishes any imputation concerning any person intending to harm, or knowing or having reason to believe that such imputation will harm, the reputation of such person, is said, except in the cases hereinafter expected, to defame that person. Defamation is the making of a false statement concerning a person or business that damages that person’s or business’s reputation. If a false statement is made and that person or business’s reputation is damaged, there can be legal consequences for the person who made the statement. Defamation applies to both written and oral statements that are published to third parties. Publication includes the posting of material on the Internet. Defamation can either be a statement that is verbal or written. If a defamatory statement is made verbally, it’s called slander. If a defamatory statement...
In a Private Limited Company – Minimum two Directors should be there. Hence both the Directors should sign the resolution. As per Sec.21 of Companies Act 2013, resolution can be signed by any Key Managerial Personnel (which includes a Managing Director) or an officer of the company duly authorized by the Board. Hence there is nothing illegal, if the resolution is signed by Managing Director.Provisions of the Companies Act, 2013: Section 21: Authentication of documents, proceedings and contracts. For this provision, no rules are prescribed the Companies Rules, 2013 [Section 21 is brought to force with effect from September 12, 2013.] This section is applicable to all companies. Any document or proceedings requiring authentication by a company, may be signed by any key managerial personnel. It may also be signed by an officer of the company if so duly authorized in this behalf by the Board of Directors of a company. Similarly contracts made by or on behalf of a company shall be signed. T...
Section 441 of Indian Penal Code defines Criminal tresspass, it is a cognizable offence hence Step 1 - you should lodge an FIR at police station as per the jurisdiction. If the Police inspector refuses to lodge an FIR then same day write an application to your city’s Police Commissioner and if you are in rural area then write an application complaining against the PI stating that he has refused to lodge an FIR in spite the criminal tresspass is a cognizable offence. Step 2- For quick remedy , you can go ahead with the private complaint by filing a court case under Section. 441, Section. 447 r/w of Indian Penal Code and Section.156 (3) of Criminal Procedure Code. So that Judicial Magistrate First Class will instruct the police station to do further investigation and if you have proper evidences against the accused then you will get the remedy. But do not forget to go ahead with proper steps. Submit all the proofs to court of law related to FIR lodging steps.
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